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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
13 Minutes
CONTENTS
When you’re feeling backache or muscle spasms or you have stiff muscles or pain of an injury, operation, or specific body posture, the physician will prescribe you a pain killer or muscle relaxer. These medications can be used for the short term or the long term depending upon the severity of the pain and patient characteristics. Some people might also develop a muscle relaxer addiction.
Muscle relaxers are drugs prescribed to treat acute pain and discomfort in the muscles associated with the spasm of muscles. These medications are used along with or in place of other painkillers like opioids, barbiturates, or sedatives. This muscle pain can be of an accident origin or any stress during work. Muscle spasms are involuntary in nature that cause excessive stress in muscles. They are often linked with painful conditions such as pain in the lower back and neck.
Muscle relaxers are antispasmodics and anti-spastics drugs that are used to relieve the spasms in muscles and pain linked with a variety of conditions and ailments. These conditions include:
Muscle relaxers or myorelaxants are pain-relieving medications. A doctor can prescribe you a muscle relaxer if you are suffering from pain in the neck and back of the body, or if you’re dealing with some other condition that causes muscle spasms in any part of the body. During a muscle spasm, muscles undergo involuntary contractions leading to twitching and cramping. Reasons for muscle spasms may vary, and can sometimes be very painful.
Drugs used as muscle relaxers have a different chemical composition as well as the mechanism of action in the brain. Most of the time, muscle relaxants act as depressants of the CNS that produce seduction effects. These medications prevent nerves from sending signals to the brain. The time of action of muscle relaxers is rapid lasting from 4-6 hours.
Read Also: The Side Effects of Alcohol and Vistaril Interactions
We can also say that muscle relaxers inhibit the transmission of spasmodic nerves across the neuromuscular junction, and decrease excitement levels in the muscle cells. By either mechanism, these drugs give relief from different spasms and ailments, but their side effects are unavoidable.
Muscle relaxers help in relieving pain in the muscle. These drugs act on the central nervous system and have sedating effects. Due to this sedating effect, muscle relaxers when abused have a high potency of addiction.
Related: Opioids and Painkillers Addiction
Muscle relaxers can be misused and cause dependence. They can be highly addictive because these drugs make users feel extremely calm and relaxed. Muscle relaxants are usually used for short-term treatment of pain and any misuse or even long-term use of them can lead to drug dependence and addiction.
Every drug that tends to increase or decrease brain (CNS) function has the potential for addiction. Muscle relaxers have a sedating effect on the brain to relieve pain in muscles, so these medications can cause addiction.
Long-term use of muscle relaxers leads to increased dependence as well as tolerance. Both these conditions lead to drug addiction. Due to their high potency for abuse or addiction, these medications are usually prescribed for short-term treatment and should not be used for more than 2-3 weeks.
Some elderly individuals with severe body pain and muscular spasms start taking muscle relaxers alone or in combination with other prescription drugs for some other reasons. These reasons may be to produce euphoria and dissociation or sometimes to relieve severe pain.
According to the (Drug Enforcement Agency), Abusers sometimes combine these drugs with CNS depressants to increase psychoactive effects or to induce euphoria and relaxation.
If you are or a loved one is using muscle relaxants to relieve pain, you can confirm the drug abuse or addiction through several signs and symptoms. Here are a few common signs of addiction to muscle relaxers:
These signs can be mild to severe and depend on the type of drug, dose, and patient characteristics.
Symptoms
There are some side effects that indicate habitual use of muscle relaxers:
Muscle relaxers when abused for a longer period or taken in a dose other than the prescribed one may produce various signs and symptoms of abuse and addiction.
Muscle relaxers when used for pain relief may produce physical, psychological, and behavioral effects. These effects vary depending upon the extent of the use of these medications. Because of side effects due to the use of muscle relaxers, individuals should not drive or operate machinery after taking them.
Short-term abuse of muscle relaxer can cause severe side effects leading to impaired normal functioning, including:
Long-term abuse of these drugs also causes side effects which include:
Either muscle relaxers are abused for the short term or long-term, the effects may be produced. These effects vary from mild symptoms to life-threatening complications.
Muscle relaxers have a mechanism to slow down brain function and relieve pain by stopping nerves to transfer pain signals to the brain. Skeletal muscle relaxants may slow down the functions of your central nervous system (CNS), leading to CNS depression. However, this depression is a result of less severe use of muscle relaxers and can be overcome by decreasing the use of causative agents (muscle relaxants) and by taking antidepressant drugs.
There are many types of muscle relaxers currently consumed in the market. These drugs have different mechanisms, potency, dosage, and brands. All types of muscle relaxers have some form of sedating properties. According to the consumer health website, GoodRx.com muscle relaxers can be of the following types:
A Muscle relaxer abuse can lead to adverse side effects such as a greater risk of overdose or other complications. This abuse of muscle relaxers causes:
These dangers can be fatal if the drug is overdosed or used regularly without a genuine medical reason.
Everything in the world of medicine when used unnecessarily or in excess than required produces its effects. These effects produced by a drug overdose may worsen the condition for which it was taken or make the user addicted to the drug. Muscle relaxers are the main cause of drug abuse or addiction in the patient. Causes of Muscle Relaxers overdose, amount of overdose, and effects of muscle relaxers overdose are listed below:
Numerous factors can urge you to take an overdose of muscle relaxers. These factors may include:
Advancing Age
With advancing age the metabolism of elderly people slows down and the drugs take more time to metabolize in their bodies. To get the same effect for muscle relaxation, elderly people are bound to take more doses of muscle relaxers. This overdose aggravates the chances of addiction.
Gender
The response of the same amount or dose of the drugs in women is entirely different than in men. Women are more sensitive to a particular drug than men. Studies show that more pills of muscle relaxers are required to produce the same sedative effect in men and in the same way more dose is required to consider it an overdose.
Genetic Factors
Genetic factors alongside other factors play a key role in determining the effects of dose on a specific condition or effect. Genetic factors vary from person to person, so there is a huge variation in the need for the drug to produce a specific amount of effect. Overdosing of muscle relaxers follows the same trend of genetic factors. More tablets are required to produce an effect on muscles.
Tolerance to the Muscle Relaxers
A sedative drug, when used regularly, builds tolerance in the body for that drug. The body will need more drugs to feel the same effect. This increased amount of drug causes an overdose which enhances the risk of addiction.
Combining Substances
When muscle relaxers are taken along with alcohol, painkillers, or other medication, the way these medications work changes along with the half-life of the drug changes as well. These combined substances affect the metabolism or even mechanism of the drug which urges the abuser to take an overdose of the muscle relaxers.
Co-Occurring Diseases
The metabolism of the muscle relaxers is also influenced by co-occurring physical or mental health disorders. These co-occurring conditions cause the users to take more doses to have the same sedative effect of the muscle relaxer. Due to the delayed metabolism, a user has to take more muscle relaxers to take a specific amount of effect.
Recreational Use
Some people also start using muscle relaxers to get high or euphoric, so they tend to take an overdose of the drug. This overdose is a major factor for muscle relaxers drug addiction.
The dosage that is considered to be an overdose varies and it depends on the drug. The dosage of muscle relaxers that are usually considered to be an overdose is the ingestion of 3-5 times the dose prescribed by the physician. When a large amount of the drugs are taken within short intervals, this overdose can be fatal as well.
Overdose of muscle relaxers can produce different complications that can be of physical, psychological, and behavioral nature. Major symptoms of muscle relaxant overdose are listed below:
Whether muscle relaxers are used to treat pain in the back or muscle-related pain in different parts of the body, the therapeutic effect of the drug depends on how long the drug or its metabolites remain inside the body. Many patients are curious about the length of time they can use a single dose of muscle relaxers. The half-life of a drug is a useful way to provide an idea of the time a drug remains in the body. There are several options that you can opt for when suffering from muscle pain Following are the names of prescription muscle relaxers with the average half-life of each drug inside the system
Name | Half-life |
---|---|
Meprobamate | 10 hours (Chronic use: up to 48 hours) |
Cyclobenzaprine | 08 hours to 36 hours (Average: 18 hours) |
Vecuronium | 70 minutes |
Atracurium | 20 minutes |
Metocurine | 50 minutes |
Mivacurium | 10 minutes to 20 minutes |
Rapacuronium | 20 minutes |
When you think about how long muscle relaxers stay in the system, it is important to note that there is no specific time limit for a muscle relaxer to stay in the living system. Considering the half-life of a drug is a useful approach, but several other factors have a major impact on how long these drugs will stay in the system. The duration for which a muscle relaxer stays in your system is influenced by several factors. Some of the major factors include:
Regular use of CNS drugs causes the brain to get used to its effects. Muscle relaxers follow the same trend. If you suddenly stop using muscle relaxers or slowly cut down their usage, you may experience withdrawal symptoms. These symptoms can be mild to moderate or even can be severe depending upon the drug and the nature of the person using it.
Due to the addiction to muscle relaxers, only those individuals experience withdrawal symptoms who do not have access to these drugs or suddenly stop using them.
Some withdrawal symptoms of muscle relaxants include:
The severity of withdrawal symptoms depends on:
Withdrawal effects from muscle relaxers may last from a few days to a few weeks. Withdrawal can be sometimes painful and can be best treated at a treatment center by professionals.
Alcohol tends to depress the CNS like muscle relaxers. When patients consume alcohol along with muscle relaxers, it worsens the side effects. This can be dangerous leading to the following symptoms:
It is advised to avoid activities like driving or operating heavy machinery when you are under the influence of muscle relaxers. Muscle relaxers when combined with alcohol greatly increase the risks of an accident, so it is recommended to do not to drink before driving.
Muscle relaxers are drugs that relieve pain and muscle spasms. Using these medications a person can feel relief from muscular pain in any part of the body. These drugs have sedating effects. The same drugs when used without a physician’s prescription or is overdosed can make you feel high or euphoric. Muscle relaxers have a high potency of addiction. When a person becomes addicted to these drugs he may feel signs of addiction or cravings without muscle relaxers.
Muscle relaxers are pain-relieving medications. These drugs mostly act as central nervous system depressants that help in producing a sedative effect. These medications also prevent nerves from sending signals of pain to the brain. The onset of action of muscle relaxers is fast whereas their effects last from 4-6 hours. But excessive use of these drugs can create an urge to abuse.
Muscle relaxers have a strong potential for addiction and are advised not to exceed their use for 2-3 weeks. When these drugs are taken alone or in combination with alcohol or illicit drugs, they produce vibes of euphoria and dissociation. After using muscle relaxers you might be sleepy or drowsy, feel fatigued, weak, dizzy, or light-headed.
Muscle relaxers generally do not show up in a drug test and this method is not suitable to detect their presence. However, in blood, Flexeril may be detectable from 2 to 4 hours after someone uses it, and for up to 10 days.
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